6/7/2023 0 Comments Vox youtube rise of isis![]() Many Iraqis believed the rebels would receive US military backing, but the support never came. President Bush, who had thousands of troops stationed mere miles away, called on Iraqis to rise up. Kurdish rebels in the north and Shia Islamists in the south rose up in rebellion, among others, to oust Saddam. In March 1991, Saddam Hussein looked vulnerable to many Iraqis after his defeats in the Iran-Iraq War and in the Gulf War that had ended just weeks earlier. On January 29, Iraq attacked the Saudi city of Khafji, but was driven back by Saudi, Qatari, and US military forces two days later. Israel exercised restraint, however, and the Arab forces remained part of the coalition. Iraq responded by launching missile attacks on both Israel and Saudi Arabia while Israel was not involved in the conflict directly, Iraq hoped to draw it into armed conflict and convince other Arab states to abandon the coalition. The air war, however, began on January 17, and was devoted to destroying the Iraqi air force, anti-aircraft facilities, command infrastructure, and other military targets. Within days Iraqi forces were retreating, and on February 28, President George H.W. The ground campaign to push back the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait was surprisingly short, beginning with the advance of coalition forces from Saudi Arabia into both Kuwait and Iraq on February 24, 1991. After several months of occupation, a UN-sanctioned international coalition led by the US used ground and air forces to forces Iraqi forces out. On August 2, 1990, Iraq invaded its neighbor Kuwait following disputes about oil production, and installed a puppet regime to run the country. ![]() Their pilgrimage is mapped here it made Kufa and Karbala, and other locations in southern Iraq, the heartland of Shia Islam. 20 years later, his followers traveled with Ali's son Hussein from Islam's center in Mecca up to Karbala, which is in present-day Iraq, where they were killed in battle and the war ended. Ali was killed in the city of Kufa, in present-day Iraq. The dispute became a civil war, the divide of which began today's Shia (the Partisans of Ali, or Shi'atu Ali, hence Shia) and Sunni. Some wanted to elect a successor, while some argued power should go by divide birthright to Mohammed's son-in-law, Ali. In the 7th century, soon after the Prophet Mohammed who founded Islam died, there was a dispute over who should succeed him in ruling the vast Caliphate he'd established. Sunnis and Shias have gotten along fine for most of Islam's history, but the Syria and Iraq crises are driving them apart today, and it helps to understand the historical roots of how Islam split along these two major branches and what it has to do with Iraq.
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